Carbureter for kerosene and the like.



W H. DE FONTAINE. CARBURETER FOR KEROSENE AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION mm JAN. 24, 1914.

1,172,263. Patented Feb. 22,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

im l l' WITNESSES INVENTOR WADE H. 175 FON TA INE A TTOR/VEYS W. H. DE FONTAINE. CARBURETER FOR KEROSENE AND THE LIKE.

APPUCATION FILED JAN. 24, I914.

Patented Feb. 22,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- I'm Enron WADE H. 11: FONTA/IVE nrfomqi s WI TNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WADE HAMPTON 'DE FONTAINE, OF NEW YGRK, N. Y.

CARBURETER FOR KEROSENE AND THE LIKE.

Application filed January 24, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Wane HAMPTON on FONTAINE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city of New-York, county of New York, State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Carbureters for Kerosene and the like, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to carbureters for internal combustion engines using a liquid hydro-carbon as a fuel; more particularly my invention'relatesto ,carbureters of the character specified in which petroleum, kerosene, or other fuel oil is combined with water and used-as a fuel. I

It is the object of my invention to provide a carbureter of the type specified which shall be'capable of use with any internal combustion engine as above referred to for the purpose of reliably, economically and easily vaporizing and otherwise preparing petroleum, kerosene or other fuel oil in combination with water so that it can be at once employed in the production of an explosive mixture for the operation of said engine.

In my application hf. N. 764,490, filed in United States Patent .Oiiice, April 30, 1913, I have shown and described a carbureter of the general type just referred to. The carbureter herein disclosed is an. improvement upon and a development of the carbureter of this previously filed application.

The carburetor about to be described will perhaps be understood a little more readily if its char-act; atics are first set forth very broadly and g i'ierally, Briefly, therefore, I may say that my improved carbureter provides a casing, substantially symmetrical as to a vertical plane, and containing at one side receptacles for Water and gasol'cne respectively, and upon tlie other side a receptaclefor the petroleum or other fuel oil.

Each of thesereceptacles' is provided \vitlra suitable float valve for maintaining the sup ply of liquid at the requisite height. At the center of the casing is a mixing tube having three spray nozzles for water, gasolene and oil respectively, these tubes being so arranged as to discharge against the underside of a suitably shaped batlle member, by which the spray is more completely broken up and vaporized. Each of these spray nozzles is adjustable by means of a needle valve havin a head outside of the casing, and a suitab e valve or cock detepminesi whether 1 fuel oil or gagsoleue shall'be used.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 22, 1916.

Serial No. 814,077.

Above the mixing. tube there is provided a mixing chamber the outlet of which is controlled 'by a butterfly valve operated by an external lever arm suitably connected to a moving partof'the engine. A lateral inlet is provided with a spring'controlled in-' wardly opening puppet valve for the auxiliary .air supply.

A jacketing passage surrounds the mixing chamber and opens to a similar passage around the mixing tn e and the fuel oil receptacle and connects,-by a suitable pipe con,

nection, to the bottom of the mixing tube below the spray nozzles. The beginning of this acketing passage is connected to a sleeve surrounding the exhaust pipe and the heated air thus supplied heats the mixingchamher and mixing tube so as to better vaporize the spray material, heats the fuel oil chamber so as to more quickly raise the temperature of said oil and vaporize it, and i then is utilized as the'primary air supply.

My improved carburetor will be described I '2; Fig. 4 represents a horizontal section taken along the line 4--4 of Fig. 2; and Fig. represents a central transverse section along the line 55 of Fig. 1.

In the drawings, 1' represents a main casing so cast as to provide'the mixing tube it running from top to bottom of the casing. In the form shown thisJmiXingtube is a Vcnturi tube of usual type. On one side-of the Venturi tulve are two chambers 3 and 4 for Water and gasolene respectively hav-' .ing a separating partition 5.

On the other side of the Yenturi tube is a single circular chamber 6 for fuel oil as for example, kerosene. A cap 7 fits snugly upon the underside of the casing as to close the Venturi tube at thi bottom. A second casting S fits upon "tlie'niain ca tins l and provided 'with a mixing chain. 1 9 incontinuation upwardly of ti Y Clitllll tube. This casting is further provided with a jackcting passage 10, which nearly surrounds the mixing chamber and opens at its bottom into a similarjacketing passage 11 surrounding the Venturi tube and the fuel oil chamber; a from a sleeve sun represents a horizontal section along the line 3-3 of Fig.

rounding the exhaust inlet 12 and leaves by a pipe 13 which joins the jacketing passage outlet to the bottom of the cap 7. Mixing chamber 9 receives an auxiliary air supply throughalateral opening 14, which leads from a laterally disposed cup-shaped chamber 15, closed at the bottom by an inwardly opening puppet valve plate 16, kept in tension by two springs 17 and 18, the former being a small diametered rather stiff spring guided by and held incompression by a spindle 19, itself adjustably held in a milled head 20 which has screw engagement with and closes the top of the chamber 15. The underside of this head has a central boss which engages the top of the larger diametered spring. By changing the adjustment of the spindle 19, so as 'to alter the tension of the smaller diametered spring, very large changes'in the pressure required to open the puppet valve are effected, whereas, if the milled head 20 be turned, independently of the spindle, very small adjustments of this puppet valve tension are brought about. The milled head is held in any desired position by means of a spring click 21 held in a lug forming part of the cup-shaped receptacle.

The main casting 1 is provided with a two-way valve 22, a passage 23 leading from the valve to the fuel oil chamber, a second passage 24 leading from the valve to the gasolene chamber and a pair of passages 25 and 26 leading from the valve to the kerosene and gasolene nozzles 27, 28 respectively. By shifting the two-way valve from one side to the other it is, therefore, possible to connect either the gasolene chamber or the kerosene chamber to its own fuel nozzle as the case may be, and only one of these nozzles, obviously, can be connected at a given time.

The two fuel nozzles 27, 28, and a third nozzle 29 which connects with the water chamber 3 are equally spaced about the axis .of the Venturi and supported by the casing 1 so as to discharge against the underside of a baflle member 30. This baflle member is circular andits bottom is provided with an upwardly convexed annular surface. The spray from the nozzles upon striking this surface, is still further broken up. The several nOZZles are provided with adjustable needle valves so that the quantity of fuel may be regulated.

The mixing chamber is-provided with a suitable butterfly valve=31 which may be connected by an external crank arm 32 to a suitable moving part of the engine whereby the supply of vaporized fuel may be regulated.

The operation of my invention is as follows The flange 33 is bolted or otherwise suitably connected to the fuel supply pipe of the engine and the inlet 12 is joined by a pipe is admitted by nozzles,

suitable pipe to a special sleeve surrounding the exhaust. To start up the engine, the three way cool: 22 is first turned so as to connect the gasolene nozzle 27 with the gasolene receptacle, and the engine is turned over. The air supply, heated by the exhaust, passes through the heat jacketing passages 10 and 11 and heats the walls of the mixing chamber and of the Venturi tube; it also heats the fuel oil receptacle, raises the temperature of said oil and finally passes through pipe 13 into the bottom of the Venturi and is sucked up and through the mixing chamber. In the Venturi this air is filled with the gasolene and water spray drawn from the gasolene and Water which spray is very finely broken up by the impact against the bottom of the baffle member 30. The heated walls of the Venturi and the mixing chamber tend to still more finely break up this spray. As the mixture passes through the mixing chamber 9 its amount is controlled by the butterfly valve 31 actuated by the engine and the quality of the mixture is varied by the addition of auxiliary air through the puppet valve 16 and lateral opening 14. The several floats maintain the requisite level of water and gasolene and the needle valves are adjustable so as to' permit the right amount of fluid to pass therethrough. The tension of the puppet valve 19 is suitably adjusted.

Afterthe engine is run on gasolene for a few minutes the petroleum or other fuel oil will have been sufliciently heated to permit .of the two-way valve 22 being thrown to the other limit of its motion, thus cutting oil the gasolene and substituting the petroleum. Owing to the increased temperature of this fuel oil it will noW readily vaporize and is sprayed out through its own nozzle 28 against the b'afile member 30 just as was the gasolene. By thus having entirely separate and distinct passages leading from gasolene and fuel oil chambers respectively to separate and distinct spray nozzles and hav ing said passages and nozzles controlled by the single two-way valve these spray nozzles may be adjusted once and for all whereas When, as in my prior application referred to, the same nozzle is used for both gasolene and fuel oil the nozzle must be readjusted each timethe change is made from gasolene valporization of the kerosene or other fuel 01 It will be noted that the Venturi extends well up into the mixing chamber which flares upwardly away from the Venturi at a oint just a little above the ballle member 30. n order to prevent condensed fuel from collecting in the space between the mixing chamber and the outer surface of the Ventpri, holes 32' are pierced through the latter at the bottom of the space referred to: these holes taper downwardly and centrally and allow the condensed fuel to flow back into the mixing tube.

\Vliile I have described a preferred form of my invention, various modifications may be made without departing, from the spirit thereof and within the scope of the following claims:

I claim:

1. In a earbureter of the class described, a mixing chamber, a mixing tube, a fuel oil chamber. a jacketing passage adjacent to said tube and chambers and a removable pipe connecting said passage with the bottom and inside of said tube so that the air supply for said tube may either first pass through said passage or be independent thereof.

2. In a carbureter of the class described, a central mixing tube, a water chamber and a gasoleue chamber upon one side of said tube and separated by a partition wall, a fuel oil chamber upon the other side of said tube, a mixing chamber upon said mixing tube, a jaclv'eting passage outside of and adjacent to the mixing chamber and mixing tube and substantially surrounding the fuel oil chamber, and a removable pipe between said jacke'ting passage and the bottom inside of the mixing tube.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the. presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WADE HAMPTON Di. FONTAINE.

\Vitnesses:

Emma G. WILLYOUNG, G. V. Rasnnsssn. 

